Carbureter.



G. E. HALL W; DICKS;

I I GABBURETER.

APPLICATION HLM ooT.1e, m01

962, MQ, Panama Jun@ 21, 1910.

f 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

sterne ie lli? @Ellilltl CHARLES E. HALL AND V/'ILLIAM DICKS, 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSGNORS TO CHARLES E. HALL COM?ANY, OE BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J une 2t, 1910..

Application filed October 18, 1907. Serial No. 395,067.

.To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that we. Cuantas ll. ll'aLi. and WILLIAM Dicks, citizens of the United States, residing at lull'alo, in the county ot Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Carbureters, out which the following is a specilication.

rlhis invention relates more particularly to that type ol' automatie spray carbureters tor internal combustion engines in which the liquid hydrocarbon, usually gasolene, is sucked from a. spray nozzle or pipe and oomniingled with a current ot' air which is drawn into the engine past said nozzle through a surrounding passage by the suotion of the engine. 'lhese carbureters are ordinarily provided with a lloat i'eed tor maintaining the gasolene at ay constant level in the spray nozzle7 and with a throttle valve located between the gasolene nozzle and the engine for controlling the supply of the eX- plosive mixture to the engine, and also With an auxiliary air admission valve operated automatically by the suction of the engine :tor increasing the supply ot air when an increased volume oll the explosive mixture is demanded in the higher speeds ol' the engine. The objeots oli` the invention are to pro duce an ellieient and practical carburetor olf this type of simple, compact construction in which the throttle valve is so constructed and arranged that the opening provided thereby for the passage ol' the charge will be in very close proximity to and directly 0pposite to or surronmling the spray nozzle, so that the air will always have a suiieient. velocity past the nozzle to insure the. proper aspiration oic the gasolene regardless of the position ot' the valve or the size ot the opening which it provides; also to so construct the throttle valve that itin addition serves to control the supply ol gasolene from 'the nozzle proportionalely as the valve opening is increased or leereased to admit a greater or less volume oi. air to the engine; also to improve the construction and arrangement of the. primary and autom-atie auxiliary air admission valves, and otherwise improve earbureters oi this type in the respects hereinafter desoriloed and set forth in the claims.

.ln the accompanying drawings, consisting o' two sheets: Figure l is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a carbnreter embodythe invention, in line lwl, Fig. 2. Fig.

2 is a sectional plan thereof, in line 2-2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 4 .is a transverse sectional elevation thereof, in line ll-Jlf, Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation, similar to Fie'. 4f, of the throttle valve, showing the same partially closed. l? ig. (5 is a sectional elevation, in line (3 6, Fig. 4e, showing the main air admission ports. Fig. '7 is a sectional elevation, in line -FT, Fig. il, showing the main air admission valve,

The casing of the carbureter is provided with a float chamber A, an air valve or air admission chamber B, which is loca-ted at one side of the iloat chamber,- and a mixing or throttle valve chamber C which is arranged above` and communicates with the air valve chamber, and the upper end of which is connected to a pipe leading to the engine. The easing may be constructed as illustrated or of any other suitable construetion.

l) represents a gasolene supply passage leading to the float chamber, u the gasolene spray nozzle or pipe, and d a passage connecting the lioat chamber with the spray nozzle.

0l represents a float in the fioat chamber, and d a valve operated thereby Jfor keeping the gasolene at a constant level in the spray nozzle. In the construction shown, thelvalve (Z2 consists of a rod passing vertically through the Float and it is moved toward or from its seat in the supply passa e D by weighted levers d bearing on the goat and engaging a collar on the valve. These levers are fulcrumed on ay yoke d4 having a screwthreaded stem extending out through a thraded opening in the top ot the float chamber. By turning this stem the levers can be adjusted vertically to regulate the action ot' the valve.

(Z5 is a lock nut for holding the stein and yoke from movement when adjusted. The upper end of the valve is guided in a hole in the stem of the yoke di and a light spring d in said hole bearing on the valve assists in preventing the valve' from being reciprocated by the jarring of the carbureter. The described arrangement of the bearing yoke for the valve levers enables a very easy regulation ot the valve.

'all is an ordinary screw needle valve for controlling the flow of gasolene from the float chamber to the spray nozzle or pipe.

The spray nozzle or p ipe E preferably extends horizontally across the casing in the passa e e thereof between the air admission cham er and the throttle valve or mixing chamber, and is provided in its upper side with one or more, preferably several, gasolene dischar e orifices 1, 2, 3, et.

The air a mission chamber B shown is of globular form and is provided at one end with a cylindrical externally threaded nipple or extension f, at the end of which is secured a dia hragm or end plate I? provided with air admission ports or openings f', Figs. 4 and 6. This end plate is preferably provided with .peripheral lugs f2, Fig. seated in notches f3 in the end of the nipple f to hold the plate from turning, and is also provided withI a central hub f4 having a screw-threaded central opening.

G represents a main air admission valve or damper which consists of a flat plate having a central hole into which the outer end of the hub f4 extends, forming a bearing on which the valve can turn, and air admission ports or openings g corresponding in number with and adapted to register with the ports or openings in the end plate. he valve is' held against the outer face of the 'end plate and it and the end plate are held in place on the nipple f by a coupling ring gwhioh is screwed onto the threaded nipple and has"a flange inclosing the peripheral portion of the valve. The valve can be turned by hand to .cause the openings therein to register full `or partially with the openings ofthe en plate to thereby increase or decrease the mai supply of air to the carbureter.

H represents a supplemental or auxiliary air admission valve which controls the admission of air through`the opposite open end of the air admission chamber B. The valve H, which is preferably of the puppet type, seats in an internal conical face in the end of the air admission chamberljand is arranged to slide on the smooth reduced inner end of an adjusting screw l1J which is screwed into the threaded opening of the hub of the end plate F and is provided with a thumb piece or handle atits outer end for turning it. A

spring/Lf surrounding the adjusting lscrew betuge'eiitlie valve ant a washer/t2 bearing against a shoulder on the adjusting screw, holds the valve yieldingly to its seat. The pressure of the spring can be regulatedy as required, by screwing the adjusting screw in or out in the hub of the end plate F.

It represents a lock nut for holding the adjusting screw'whcn adjusted. This supplemental valve is opened by the suction of the engine in the usual way to increase the air supply when the engine is running at high speeds. v

The throttle valve preferably consists of concentric outer and inner hollow cylinders or shells I I extending across the mixing or throttle valve chamber C parallel with theA ed to turn freely upon each other, and have'v` inlet openings z" in their ,lower sides or sides next to the gasolene feed pipe, and outlet openings 2 in their upper or opposite sides. The inlet openings shown are circular and when in full registration or nearly so, as shown in Fig. 4, afford a practically unobstructed passage between the air admission and mixing chambers. By turning the valve shells in opposite directions this passage or opening can be more or less contracted, see Figs. 2 and 5, or completely closed. The outlet openings 2 are. Sulliciently elongated transversely of the shells to aord a practically unobstructed outlet for the explosive mixture in any adjustment of the shells. .The outer valve shell ably bears against the upper or per orated side of the spray nozzle or pipe, which is shown slightly concaved to make a better seat for the shell, so that by turning the shell to place an imperforate portion thereof against the pipe it will close the discharge orifices thereof. The spray nozzle or pipe shown is provided with four dischar e orifices, 1, 2, 3, 4, so disposedl along its ength that they will be opened in the order num-v bered as the valve shells are turned in the direction to widen the valve inlet opening, and will be closed in the reverse order by the opposite turning of the valve shells. B

locatm the orifice 1 to oneside of the mi dle of t e pipe, as shown, this orifice can not be uncovered before air is admitted to the mixing chamber and it will thus be impossible for the engine to draw in a charge of gasolcne alone. The invention is not, however, restricted to thev particular number and arrangement of the dischar e orifices described and onefor more ori ces locatedas calculated to produce .the best results could be used. 4

The valve shells I Ii/.c'an be operated by any suitable means.,V IAs shown, the outer shell is provided at one end with a hollow slem /c projecting through the adjacentend referof the valve chamber, and the inner shell a stem /c extending out through said hollow stern. Levers /c2 f secured to the outer ends of the stems are connected by links Z' Z2 to a common operating lever L, by swinging which the valve shells will be simultaneously turned in opposite directions to more or less open or close the throttle valve, dependingr upon .the direction of movement of the operating lever. Suitable stops m '1n/ m2 are shown on the end of the throttle valve The operation of this type of carbureters is well understood. The suction of air by the engine through the passage e and mixing chamber around the spray nozzle or pipe draWs the gasolene out of the discharge orifices and it is atomized or vaporized and mixed with the air in the mixing or throttle valve chamber to carburet the air or form the combustible mixture. The volume of the explosive mixture admitted to the engine is controlled by opening or closing the throttle valve as required. lVhen the engine is running at high speeds the suction isv increased so as to automatically open the supplemental air admission valve and supply the necessary additional air.

By means of the throttle valve constructed as described, the opening through which the air must pass is located in the closest possible proximity to the spray nozzle or pipe so that the velocity of the air pastthe same will be sufficient to properly take up the gasolene even when the throttle is partially Closed and the engine is running at slow speed. At theA same time the spray nozzle or pipe is always disposed centrally with respect to the opening of the throttle-valve regardless of the area of the opening, thus insuring a better distribution of the air around the pipe and consequently a more uniform mixture. While the horizontal spray nozzle or pipe parallel with the axis of the throttle valve shells is preferred, it will be manifest that the throttle valve arranged and constructed as described would also be desirable in connection with an upright spray nozzle, such as ordinarily employed, having the discharge orifice at its, upper end. Furthermore, as the throttle valve also `serves to open\and close the discharge orifices of the nozzle or pipe, it will be apparent that the described construction would be useful in a carbureter Without a float feed. The same throttle valve construction would also be useful for controlling the supply of air and gasolene to the envine irrespective of the sort of main and supplemental air valves used or even iu a carbureter not provided with such valves.

lVe claim as our invention:

1. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having an air passage, a spray pipe arranged transversely in said passage and having a plurality of discharge orifices in one side thereof, a throttle Valve comprising inner and outer shells arranged transversely in said passage to turn on an axis parallel with said spray pipe and having'holes in the sides thereof adjacent to said nozzle, and means for turning said shells in opposite directions to increase and decrease the area of the opening provided by said holes, whereby the discharge orifices of` said pipe are covered and uncovered successively and said opening is kept concentric with respect to said pipe, substantially as set forth.

2. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having an 'air passage, a spray pipe extending transversely in said passage and having a plurality of discharge openings arranged on one side thereof, a throttle valve comprising inner and outer cylindrical shells arranged transversely in said passage to turn on an axis parallel with said spraypipe and having holes in the sides thereof adja cent to said nozzle, and means for turning said shells in opposite directions to increase and decrease the area of the passage provided by said holes, one of said shells bearing against the side of the pipe having the discharge orifices, whereby the discharge orifices in said pipe are opened and closed by said shell and said opening is kept concentric with respect to said plpe, substantially as set forth.

3. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having an air chamber, a plate at one end of said chamber provided With air admission ports and with peripheral parts which interlock with said end of the chamber to hold said plate from turning, a rotatable valve bearing against said end plate and havingports to register with said ports in the end plate, a coupling ring screwed on said end of the chamber for holding said end plate and valve in j lace, and means for supplying liquid hydrocarbon into said cas- -mg, substantially as set forth.

4. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having an air chamber provided with air admission openings at its opposite ends, an air valve cont-rollinr one end ofv said chamber, a valve contro ling the other end of said chamber, an adjusting screw and 4guide for said latter' valve bearing in the first mentioned end of said chamber, and means for supplying liquid hydro-carbon into said casing, substantially as set forth.

lVitness our hands, this 12th day of Oetoy ber, 1907. CHARLES E. HALL. WILLIAM DICKS.

lVitnesses: l

' C. W. PARKER,

C. B. 'IIonNsom 

